Structure of dental gallium alloys.
Identifieur interne : 004273 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004272; suivant : 004274Structure of dental gallium alloys.
Auteurs : RBID : pubmed:8805980English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : Alloys, Copper, Dental Alloys, Gallium, Indium, Palladium, Silver, Tin.
- Humans, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Molecular Structure, Powders, X-Ray Diffraction.
Abstract
The interest in gallium alloys as a replacement for amalgam has increased in recent years due to the risk of environmental pollution from amalgam. Alloy powders with compositions close to those for alloys of amalgam are mixed with a liquid gallium alloy. The mix is condensed into a prepared cavity in much the same way as for amalgam. The aim of the present work was to study the structure of: (1) two commercial alloy powders containing mainly silver, tin and copper, and (2) the phases formed by mixing these powders with a liquid alloy of gallium, indium and tin. One of the alloy powders contained 9 wt% palladium. Cross-sections of cylindrical specimens made by these gallium mixes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Discrete grains of the following phases were found to be present in both gallium alloys: hexagonal Ag2Ga, tetragonal Cu(Pd)Ga2, cubic Ag9In4 and tetragonal beta-Sn. Indications of hexagonal or orthorhombic Ag2Sn were found in the remaining, unreacted alloy particles. In the palladium-containing alloy the X-ray reflections indicate a minor fraction of cubic Cu9Ga4 in addition to the Cu(Pd)Ga2 phase. Particles of beta-Sn are probably precipitated because Sn-Ga phases cannot be formed according to the binary phase diagram.
PubMed: 8805980
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Structure of dental gallium alloys.</title><author><name sortKey="Her, H" uniqKey="Her H">H Herø</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>NIOM, Scandinavian Institute of Dental Materials, Haslum, Norway.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>NIOM, Scandinavian Institute of Dental Materials, Haslum</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simensen, C J" uniqKey="Simensen C">C J Simensen</name></author><author><name sortKey="J Rgensen, R B" uniqKey="J Rgensen R">R B Jørgensen</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><date when="1996">1996</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:8805980</idno><idno type="pmid">8805980</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">004627</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">004627</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">004273</idno></publicationStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Alloys (chemistry)</term><term>Copper (chemistry)</term><term>Dental Alloys (chemistry)</term><term>Gallium (chemistry)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Indium (chemistry)</term><term>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</term><term>Molecular Structure</term><term>Palladium (chemistry)</term><term>Powders</term><term>Silver (chemistry)</term><term>Tin (chemistry)</term><term>X-Ray Diffraction</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Alloys</term><term>Copper</term><term>Dental Alloys</term><term>Gallium</term><term>Indium</term><term>Palladium</term><term>Silver</term><term>Tin</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Humans</term><term>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</term><term>Molecular Structure</term><term>Powders</term><term>X-Ray Diffraction</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The interest in gallium alloys as a replacement for amalgam has increased in recent years due to the risk of environmental pollution from amalgam. Alloy powders with compositions close to those for alloys of amalgam are mixed with a liquid gallium alloy. The mix is condensed into a prepared cavity in much the same way as for amalgam. The aim of the present work was to study the structure of: (1) two commercial alloy powders containing mainly silver, tin and copper, and (2) the phases formed by mixing these powders with a liquid alloy of gallium, indium and tin. One of the alloy powders contained 9 wt% palladium. Cross-sections of cylindrical specimens made by these gallium mixes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Discrete grains of the following phases were found to be present in both gallium alloys: hexagonal Ag2Ga, tetragonal Cu(Pd)Ga2, cubic Ag9In4 and tetragonal beta-Sn. Indications of hexagonal or orthorhombic Ag2Sn were found in the remaining, unreacted alloy particles. In the palladium-containing alloy the X-ray reflections indicate a minor fraction of cubic Cu9Ga4 in addition to the Cu(Pd)Ga2 phase. Particles of beta-Sn are probably precipitated because Sn-Ga phases cannot be formed according to the binary phase diagram.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Owner="NLM" Status="MEDLINE"><PMID Version="1">8805980</PMID><DateCreated><Year>1996</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>13</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>1996</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>13</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2013</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>21</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0142-9612</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>17</Volume><Issue>13</Issue><PubDate><Year>1996</Year><Month>Jul</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Biomaterials</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Biomaterials</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Structure of dental gallium alloys.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1321-6</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>The interest in gallium alloys as a replacement for amalgam has increased in recent years due to the risk of environmental pollution from amalgam. Alloy powders with compositions close to those for alloys of amalgam are mixed with a liquid gallium alloy. The mix is condensed into a prepared cavity in much the same way as for amalgam. The aim of the present work was to study the structure of: (1) two commercial alloy powders containing mainly silver, tin and copper, and (2) the phases formed by mixing these powders with a liquid alloy of gallium, indium and tin. One of the alloy powders contained 9 wt% palladium. Cross-sections of cylindrical specimens made by these gallium mixes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Discrete grains of the following phases were found to be present in both gallium alloys: hexagonal Ag2Ga, tetragonal Cu(Pd)Ga2, cubic Ag9In4 and tetragonal beta-Sn. Indications of hexagonal or orthorhombic Ag2Sn were found in the remaining, unreacted alloy particles. In the palladium-containing alloy the X-ray reflections indicate a minor fraction of cubic Cu9Ga4 in addition to the Cu(Pd)Ga2 phase. Particles of beta-Sn are probably precipitated because Sn-Ga phases cannot be formed according to the binary phase diagram.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Herø</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><Affiliation>NIOM, Scandinavian Institute of Dental Materials, Haslum, Norway.</Affiliation></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Simensen</LastName><ForeName>C J</ForeName><Initials>CJ</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jørgensen</LastName><ForeName>R B</ForeName><Initials>RB</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType>Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>ENGLAND</Country><MedlineTA>Biomaterials</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8100316</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0142-9612</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>Alloys</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>Dental Alloys</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>Powders</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>045A6V3VFX</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>Indium</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>161848-72-2</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>gallium alloy GF</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>3M4G523W1G</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>Silver</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>5TWQ1V240M</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>Palladium</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>7440-31-5</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>Tin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>789U1901C5</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>Copper</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>CH46OC8YV4</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>Gallium</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Alloys</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Copper</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Dental Alloys</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Gallium</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Indium</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Molecular Structure</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Palladium</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Powders</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Silver</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Tin</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">X-Ray Diffraction</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>1996</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>1</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>1996</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>1996</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">8805980</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">0142961296886789</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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